Normativa d'il·luminació en llocs de treball

Work occupies a large part of the time and space in human life. To develop effectively, it requires a proper interaction between light (environment) and vision (personal). In fact, more than 50% of the sensory information we receive comes through sight. Therefore, achieving appropriate lighting levels according to regulations in Spain is essential.

A properly lit space enhances:

• Occupational safety
• Visual comfort
• The efficiency in task performance

Now, what lighting conditions must indoor lighting meet, and what lighting conditions should areas where work activities take place, such as offices, have?

 A Espanya, la legislació vigent en aquesta matèria es regeix principalment pel Reial decret 486/1997, de 14 d'abril, que estableix les condicions mínimes de seguretat i salut als llocs de treball.

This lighting regulation promotes:

• Worker safety
• Energy savings and efficiency
• A visually healthy work environment

The lighting systems must adapt to the characteristics of the space and the tasks being performed, ensuring that the required minimum lighting levels are met.

Prevalence of natural light

One of the main key is to prioritize the use of natural light. However, when this is not sufficient, it should be complemented with artificial lighting. And if optimal conditions are still not achieved, spot or localized lighting may be used.

For example, in office lighting, a color temperature of between 3,000 and 4,000 Kelvin is recommended, which provides a balance between warmth and concentration, ideal for daily work.

Regulatory lighting levels in Spain:

Minimum requirements

1) The regulations establish minimum lux values according to the type of visual activity being performed:

• 100 lux for tasks with low visual demand
• 1,000 lux or more for tasks with high visual demand

2) The lighting of each area or part of a workplace must be adapted to the characteristics of the activity being carried out in it, taking into account:

• The occupational risks arising from poor visibility
• The specific visual requirements of each task

3) The minimum lighting levels for workplaces will be those established in the following table:

These levels must be doubled when the following circumstances occur:

• Areas of circulation with a high risk of falls or collisions
• Areas where a visual impairment may pose a danger
• Environments with low visual contrast

4) Areas where a power outage could pose a danger must have emergency lighting systems, both for evacuation and for general safety.

 5)      Els sistemes d'il·luminació han de complir la normativa vigent i no provocar riscos elèctrics, d'incendi o explosió.

Technical requirements for workplace lighting

To ensure adequate lighting in workspaces, the following conditions must be met:

• Uniform distribution of light
• Appropriate luminance contrasts and smooth transitions
• Avoid direct and indirect glare
• Do not use light sources that cause flickering, strobing, or visual discomfort
• Ensure the correct perception of contrasts, depth, and distance

These requirements aim to reduce eye strain, improve concentration, and protect the visual health of the worker.

Distribution in work areas

In areas where tasks are performed, the light distribution must be homogeneous. It is essential to avoid abrupt variations in intensity that may cause fatigue or errors.

Elements such as should be considered:

• Reflective surfaces
• Strategic placement of lighting fixtures to prevent glare
• Control of the stroboscopic effect

Taula de nivells d'il·luminació mitjans recomanats. Il·luminància mitjana. Mesura en lux (lx).

Regulatory and Technical Summary

This regulatory and technical compendium is present in the development of all Luxes systems for workspaces. From the definition of the color spectrum to the selection of each lamp, everything is designed to provide a precise visual experience, without shadows, and energy-efficient.